Brief Fact Summary. Wendy Iwashita was robbed at gunpoint while working as a coffee house cashier. A police artist composite sketch was drawn from her description. The prosecution had the sketch admitted and Defendant appealed arguing inadmissible hearsay.
Synopsis of Rule of Law. A composite sketch is admissible hearsay because it is an exception of prior identification as long as the declarant testifies at trial and is available for cross examination.
This standard means we will not reverse a conviction based upon a defective indictment unless the defendant can show prejudice or that the indictment cannot within reason be construed to charge a crime.
View Full Point of LawIssue. Did the trial court improperly allow the admission of the sketch?
Held. Chief Justice Lum issued the opinion for the Hawaii Supreme Court in affirming the conviction and holding that the sketch was properly allowed.
Discussion. The primary reason for excluding hearsay is the danger of declarant not being available to testify. Both the eye witness and the police artist who made the sketch were available to testify, and the jury was allowed to judge their credibility.