Carnival Cruise Lines, Inc. v. Shute

Citation. 499 U.S. 585 (1991)

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Citation499 U.S. 585 (1991)

Brief Fact Summary.

Respondents sued Petitioner in Washington for negligently causing them harm. Petitioner moved to enforce the forum-selection clause mandating the lawsuit be brought in Florida.

Synopsis of Rule of Law.

Forum-selection clauses included on tickets are enforceable so long as they are reasonable and fair.

Points of Law - Legal Principles in this Case for Law Students.

The Court held that enforcement of the forum selection clause did not violate the predecessor statute to section 30509 because by its plain language, the forum-selection clause before us does not take away respondents' right to a trial by a court or competent jurisdiction and thereby contravene the explicit proscription of the statute.

View Full Point of Law

Eulala and Russell Shute (Respondents) brought suit in the Western District of Washington against Carnival Cruise Lines (Petitioner), arguing that Petitioner negligently caused Eulala’s injury on the cruise ship. Petitioner moved to enforce the forum-selection clause included in the Respondents tickets requiring lawsuits be brought in Florida.

Issue.

Is the forum-selection clause enforceable?

Held.

Yes, the forum-selection clause is enforceable. The decision of the Court of Appeals is reversed.

Discussion.

The Court disagreed with the lower court that a forum-selection clauses on a ticket is always unenforceable because it was not negotiated. Under a reasonableness analysis, the Court determined that it was reasonable for the Petitioner to have included a forum-selection clause on all tickets because the nature of its business takes it to many locations, the clause could help prevent confusion and wasted time in bringing litigation in the proper forum, and the clause benefits both the Petitioner and its customers by keeping the price of the ticket low.