Special Notice

For several frequently cited treatises, I have used shortened forms after the initial citation to the work. These are as follows: Harper, James & Gray, The Law of Torts (2d ed. 1986), cited as Harper, James & Gray; Prosser and Keeton, The Law of Torts (5th ed. 1984), cited as Prosser & Keeton; Minzer, Nates, eds., Damages in Tort Actions, cited as Minzer, Nates; Schwartz, Comparative Negligence, cited as Schwartz; and Speiser, Recovery for Wrongful Death and Injury, cited as Speiser.