Table of Cases

Abington School Dist. v. Schemp, 374 U.S. 203 (1963)

Abood v. Detroit Board of Educ., 431 U.S. 209 (1977)

Abrams v. Johnson, 521 U.S. 74 (1997)

Abrams v. United States, 250 U.S. 616 (1919)

Adamson v. California, 332 U.S. 46 (1947)

Adarand Constructors, Inc. v. Pena, 515 U.S. 200 (1995)

Adickes v. Kress & Co., 398 U.S. 144 (1970)

Adkins v. Children’s Hosp., 261 U.S. 525 (1923)

Agins v. City of Tiburon, 477 U.S. 255 (1980)

Agostini v. Felton, 521 U.S. 203 (1997)

Aguilar v. Felton, 473 U.S. 402 (1985)

Allegheny Pittsburgh Coal Co. v. Webster County, 488 U.S. 336 (1989)

Allgeyer v. Louisiana, 165 U.S. 578 (1897)

Allied Structural Steel Co. v. Spannaus, 438 U.S. 234 (1978)

Amalgamated Food Employees Union v. Logan Valley Plaza, 391 U.S. 308 (1968)

American Civil Liberties Union v. Ashcroft, 322 F.3d 240 (3d Cir. 2003)

American Civil Liberties Union v. Mukasey, 534 F.3d 1032 (3d Cir. 2008)

American Manufacturers Mutual Ins. Co. v. Sullivan, 526 U.S. 40 (1999)

Ancata v. Prison Health Services, 769 F.2d 700 (11th Cir. 1985)

Anderson v. Dunn, 19 U.S. (6 Wheat.) 204 (1821)

Anderson v. King County, 158 Wash. 2d 1, 138 P.3d 963 (2006)

Andrus v. Allard, 444 U.S. 51 (1979)

Anonymous v. City of Rochester, 13 N.Y.3d 35, 915 N.E.2d 593 (2009)

Aptheker v. Secretary of State, 378 U.S. 500 (1964)

Arizona Free Enterprise Club’s Freedom Club PAC v. Bennett, 131 S.Ct. 2806 (2011)

Arkansas Educ. Television Comm’n v. Forbes, 523 U.S. 666 (1998)

Armour v. City of Indianapolis, 132 s.ct. 2073 (2012)

Arnett v. Kennedy, 416 U.S. 134 (1974)

Ashcroft v. American Civil Liberties Union, 535 U.S. 564 (2002)

Ashcroft v. American Civil Liberties Union, 542 U.S. 656 (2004)

Ashcroft v. Free Speech Coalition, 535 U.S. 234 (2002)

Ashcroft v. Iqbal, 556 U.S. 662 (2009)

Atkins v. Virginia, 536 U.S. 304 (2002)

Attorney General of N.Y. v. Soto-Lopez, 476 U.S. 898 (1986)

Austin v. Michigan State Chamber of Commerce, 494 U.S. 652 (1990)

Bains LLC v. Arco Products Co., 405 F.3d 764 (9th Cir. 2005)

Ball v. James, 451 U.S. 355 (1981)

Barron v. Mayor & City Council of Baltimore, 32 U.S. (7 Pet.) 243 (1833)

Bartnicki v. Vopper, 532 U.S. 514 (2001)

Beil v. City of Akron, 660 F.2d 166 (6th Cir. 1981)

Bell v. Maryland, 378 U.S. 226 (1964)

Bellotti v. Baird, 443 U.S. 622 (1979)

Benton v. Maryland, 395 U.S. 784 (1969)

Bernal v. Fainter, 467 U.S. 216 (1984)

Bethel School District No. 403 v. Fraser, 478 U.S. 675 (1986)

Bigelow v.Virginia, 421 U.S. 809 (1975)

Bishop v. Wood, 426 U.S. 341 (1976)

Blum v. Yaretsky, 457 U.S. 991 (1982)

BMW of North America, Inc. v. Gore, 517 U.S. 559 (1996)

Board of Directors of Rotary Intl. v. Rotary Club of Duarte, 481 U.S. 537 (1987)

Board of Educ. v. Dowell, 498 U.S. 237 (1991)

Board of Educ. of Kiryas Joel v. Grumet, 512 U.S. 687 (1994)

Board of Regents of State Colleges v. Roth, 408 U.S. 564 (1972)

Board of Trustees of the State Univ. of N.Y. v. Fox, 492 U.S. 469 (1989)

Board of Trustees of the Univ. of Alabama v. Garrett, 531 U.S. 356 (2000)

Bob Jones Univ. v. United States, 461 U.S. 574 (1983)

Boddie v. Connecticut, 401 U.S. 371 (1971)

Boiling v. Sharpe, 347 U.S. 497 (1954)

Boos v. Barry, 485 U.S. 312 (1988)

Borough of Duryea v. Gnarnieri, 131 S.Ct. 2488 (2011)

Bowen v. Gilliard, 483 U.S. 587 (1987)

Bowen v. Roy, 476 U.S. 693 (1986)

Bowers v. Hardwick, 478 U.S. 186 (1986)

Boy Scouts of America v. Dale, 530 U.S. 640 (2000)

Brandenburg v. Ohio, 395 U.S. 444 (1969)

Branzburg v. Hayes, 408 U.S. 665 (1972)

Braunfeld v. Brown, 366 U.S. 599 (1961)

Bray v. Alexandria Women’s Health Clinic, 506 U.S. 263 (1993)

Brentwood Academy v. Tennessee Secondary School Athletic Association, 531 U.S. 288 (2001)

Bridges v. California, 314 U.S. 252 (1941)

Brown v. Board of Education, 347 U.S. 483 (1954)

Brown v. Board of Education, 349 U.S. 294 (1955)

Brown v. Entertainment Merchants Association, 132 S.Ct. 2729 (2011)

Brown v. Hartlage, 456 U.S. 45 (1982)

Brown v. Legal Foundation of Washington, 538 U.S. 216 (2003)

Buckley v. American Constitutional Law Foundation, 525 U.S. 182 (1999)

Buckley v. Valeo, 424 U.S. 1 (1976)

Bullock v. Carter, 405 U.S. 134 (1972)

Burson v. Freeman, 504 U.S. 191 (1992)

Burton v. Wilmington Parking Auth., 365 U.S. 715 (1961)

Bush v. Gore, 531 U.S. 525 (2000)

Bush v. Vera, 517 U.S. 952 (1996)

Calder v. Bull, 3 U.S. (3 Dall.) 386 (1798)

Califano v. Jobst, 434 U.S. 47 (1977)

California Democratic Party v. Jones, 984 F. Supp. 1228 (E.D. Cal. 1997)

California Democratic Party v. Jones, 530 U.S. 567 (2000)

Cammarano v. United States, 358 U.S. 498 (1959)

Campbell v. State Farm Mutual Automobile Ins. Co., 98 P.3d 409 (Utah 2004)

Cantwell v. Connecticut, 310 U.S. 296 (1940)

Caperton v. Massey, 556 U.S. 868 (2009)

Carey v. Brown, 447 U.S. 455 (1980)

Carey v. Population Servs. Intl., 431 U.S. 678 (1977)

CBS, Inc. v. FCC, 453 U.S. 367 (1981)

Central Hudson Gas & Elec. v. Public Serv. Comm’n, 447 U.S. 557 (1980)

Chaplinsky v. New Hampshire, 315 U.S. 568 (1942)

Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad Co. v. Chicago, 166 U.S. 226 (1897)

Christian Legal Society Chapter of the University of California, Hastings College of the Law v. Machine, 130 S.Ct. 2971 (2010)

Christopher v. Harbury, 536 U.S. 403 (2002)

Church of Lukumi Babalu Aye, Inc. v. City of Hialeah, 508 U.S. 520 (1993)

Citizens Against Rent Control v. Berkeley, 454 U.S. 290 (1981)

Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission, 130 S.Ct. 876 (2010)

City of Akron v. Akron Center for Reproductive Health, Inc., 462 U.S. 416 (1983)

City of Boerne v. Flores, 521 U.S. 507 (1997)

City of Chicago v. Morales, 527 U.S. 41 (1999)

City of Cincinnati v. Discovery Network, Inc., 507 U.S. 410 (1993)

City of Cleburne v. Cleburne Living Center, 473 U.S. 432 (1985)

City of Erie v. Pap’s A.M., 529 U.S. 277 (2000)

City of Lakewood v. Plain Dealer Publishing Co., 486 U.S. 750 (1988)

City of Littleton v. Z.J. Gifts D-4, LLC, 541 U.S. 774 (2004)

City of Los Angeles v. Alameda Books, Inc., 535 U.S. 425 (2002)

City of Los Angeles v. David, 538 U.S. 715 (2003)

City of Los Angeles v. Manhart, 435 U.S. 702 (1978)

City of Monterey v. Del Monte Dunes at Monterey, Ltd., 526 U.S. 687 (1999)

City of Renton v. Playtime Theatres, Inc., 475 U.S. 41 (1986)

City of Richmond v. J. A. Croson Co., 488 U.S. 469 (1989)

City of Rome v. United States, 446 U.S. 156 (1980)

City of San Diego v. Roe, 543 U.S. 77 (2004)

City of Santa Barbara v. Adamson, 27 Cal. 3d 123, P.2d 436 (1980)

City of West Covina v. Perkins, 525 U.S. 234 (1999)

Civil Rights Cases, 109 U.S. 3 (1883)

Clark v. Chrysler Corp., 436 F.3d 594 (6th Cir. 2006)

Clark v. Community for Creative Non-Violence, 468 U.S. 288 (1984)

Clark v. Jeter, 486 U.S. 456 (1988)

Cleveland Board of Educ. v. Loudermill, 470 U.S. 532 (1985)

Clingman v. Beaver, 544 U.S. 581 (2005)

Cohen v. California, 403 U.S. 15 (1971)

Cohen v. Cowles Media Co., 501 U.S. 663 (1991)

Colorado Republican Federal Campaign Comm. v. Federal Election Comm’n, 518 U.S. 604 (1996)

Columbia Broadcasting Co. v. Democratic Natl. Comm., 412 U.S. 94 (1973)

Columbus Board of Educ. v. Penick, 443 U.S. 449 (1979)

Commonwealth v. O’Neal, 339 N.E.2d 676 (Mass. 1975)

Connecticut Department of Public Safety v. Doe, 538 U.S. 1 (2003)

Connick v. Myers, 461 U.S. 138 (1983)

Cooper Industries, Inc. v. Leatherman Tool Group, Inc., 532 U.S. 424 (2001)

Coppage v. Kansas, 236 U.S. 1 (1915)

Corfield v. Coryell, 6 F. Cas. 546 (C.C.E.D. Pa. 1823)

Cornelius v. NAACP Legal Defense & Educ. Fund, 473 U.S. 788 (1985)

Corporation of Presiding Bishop v. Amos, 483 U.S. 327 (1987)

County of Allegheny v. American Civil Liberties Union, 492 U.S. 573 (1989)

County of Sacramento v. Lewis, 523 U.S. 833 (1998)

Cox v. New Hampshire, 312 U.S. 569 (1941)

Cox Broadcasting v. Cohn, 420 U.S. 469 (1975)

Craft v. Vanderbilt Univ., 18 F. Supp. 2d 786 (M.D. Tenn. 1998)

Craig v. Boren, 429 U.S. 190 (1976)

Craig v. Harney, 331 U.S. 367 (1947)

Crawford v. Marion County Election Board, 553 U.S. 181 (2008)

Cruzan v. Director, Missouri Dept. of Health, 497 U.S. 261 (1990)

Curtis Publishing Co. v. Butts, 388 U.S. 130 (1967)

Cutter v. Wilkinson, 544 U.S. 709 (2005)

Dale v. Boy Scouts of America, 160 N.J. 562, 734 A.2d 1196 (1999)

Dandridge v. Williams, 397 U.S. 471 (1970)

Daniels v. Williams, 474 U.S. 327 (1986)

Davenport v. Washington Education Assoc., 551 U.S. 177 (2007)

Davidson v. Cannon, 474 U.S. 344 (1986)

Davidson v. New Orleans, 96 U.S. 97 (1878)

Davis v. Bandemer, 478 U.S. 109 (1986)

Davis v. Federal Election Comm’n, 554 U.S. 724 (2008)

Dayton Board of Educ. v. Brinkman, 443 U.S. 526 (1979)

Debs v. United States, 249 U.S. 211 (1919)

Demore v. Hyung Joon Kim, 538 U.S. 510 (2003)

Dennis v. Sparks, 449 U.S. 24 (1980)

Dennis v. United States, 341 U.S. 494 (1951)

Denver Area Educ. Telecommunications Consortium, Inc. v. FCC, 518 U.S. 727 (1996)

DeShaney v. Winnebago County Dept. of Social Servs., 489 U.S. 189 (1989)

District of Columbia v. Heller, 554 U.S. 570 (2008)

Doe v. Reed, 130 S.Ct. 2811 (2010)

Doe v. University of Mich., 721 F. Supp. 852 (E.D. Mich. 1989)

Dolan v. City of Tigard, 512 U.S. 374 (1994)

D.R. by L.R. v. Middle Bucks Area Vocational Technical School, 972 F.2d 1364 (3d Cir. 1992)

Dred Scott v. Sandford, 60 U.S. (19 How.) 393 (1857)

Dun & Bradstreet, Inc. v. Greenmoss Builders, Inc., 472 U.S. 749 (1985)

Duncan v. Louisiana, 391 U.S. 145 (1968)

Dunn v. Blumstein, 405 U.S. 330 (1972)

Dusenberry v. United States, 534 U.S. 161 (2002)

Easley v. Cromartie, 532 U.S. 234 (2001)

Edmonson v. Leesville Concrete Co., 500 U.S. 614 (1991)

Edwards v. South Carolina, 372 U.S. 229 (1963)

Eisenstadt v. Baird, 405 U.S. 438 (1972)

Eldred v. Ashcroft, 537 U.S. 186 (2003)

El Paso v. Simmons, 379 U.S. 497 (1965)

Employment Division v. Smith, 494 U.S. 872 (1990)

Energy Reserves Group, Inc. v. Kansas Power & Light Co., 459 U.S. 400 (1983)

Engle v. Vitale, 370 U.S. 421 (1962)

Engquist v. Oregon Department of. Agriculture, 553 U.S. 591 (2008)

Epperson v. Arkansas, 393 U.S. 97 (1968)

Eu v. San Francisco County Democratic Central Comm., 489 U.S. 214 (1989)

Evans v. Abney, 396 U.S. 435 (1970)

Everson v. Board of Educ., 330 U.S. 1 (1947)

Ewing v. Mytinger & Casselberry, Inc., 339 U.S. 594 (1950)

Exxon Shipping Co. v. Bakery, 554 U.S. 471 (2008)

FCC v. Beach Communications, Inc., 508 U.S. 307 (1993)

FCC v. Fox Television Stations, Inc., 132 S.Ct. 2307 (2012)

FCC v. League of Women Voters of Cal., 468 U.S. 364 (1984)

FCC v. Pacifica Foundation, 438 U.S. 726 (1978)

Federal Election Comm’n v. Beaumont, 539 U.S. 146 (2003)

Federal Election Comm’n v. Colorado Republican Federal Campaign Committee, 533 U.S. 431 (2001)

Federal Election Comm’n v. National Conservative Political Action Comm., 470 U.S. 480 (1985)

Feiner v. New York, 340 U.S. 315 (1951)

Ferguson v. Skrupa, 372 U.S. 726 (1963)

First English Evangelical Lutheran Church of Glendale v. County of Los Angeles, 482 U.S. 304 (1987)

Fitzgerald v. Racing Association of Central Iowa, 539 U.S. 103 (2003)

Flagg Bros. v. Brooks, 436 U.S. 149 (1978)

Flax v. DaimlerChrysler Corp., 272 S.W.3d 521 (Tenn. Sup. Ct. 2008)

Fletcher v. Peck, 10 U.S. (6 Cranch) 87 (1810)

Florida Bar v. Went for It, Inc., 515 U.S. 618 (1995)

Florida Prepaid Postsecondary Education Expense Bd. v. College Savings Bank, 527 U.S. 627 (1999)

Florida Rock Indus., Inc. v. United States, 18 F.3d 1560 (Fed. Cir. 1994)

Florida Rock Indus, Inc. v. United States, 42 Fed. CI. 21 (1999)

Florida Star v. B.J.F., 491 U.S. 524 (1989)

Foley v. Connelie, 435 U.S. 291 (1978)

Fortson v. Morris, 385 U.S. 231 (1966)

44 Liquormart, Inc. v. Rhode Island, 517 U.S. 484 (1996)

Fowler v. Rhode Island, 345 U.S. 67 (1953)

Freedman v. Maryland, 380 U.S. 51 (1965)

Freeman v. Pitts, 503 U.S. 467 (1992)

Friedman v. Rogers, 440 U.S. 1 (1979)

Frisby v. Schultz, 487 U.S. 474 (1988)

Frohwerk v. United States, 249 U.S. 204 (1919)

Frontiero v. Richardson, 411 U.S. 677 (1973)

Fuentes v. Shevin, 407 U.S. 67 (1972)

Fullilove v. Klutznick, 448 U.S. 448 (1980)

Gaffney v. Cummings, 412 U.S. 735 (1973)

Garcetti v. Ceballos, 547 U.S. 410 (2006)

Garrison v. Louisiana, 379 U.S. 64 (1964)

General Motors, Inc. v. Romein, 503 U.S. 181 (1992)

Georgia v. McCollum, 505 U.S. 42 (1992)

Gertz v. Robert Welch, Inc., 418 U.S. 323 (1974)

Gideon v. Wainwright, 372 U.S. 335 (1963)

Gilbert v. Homar, 520 U.S. 924 (1997)

Gitlow v. New York, 268 U.S. 652 (1925)

Globe Newspaper Co. v. Superior Court, 457 U.S. 596 (1982)

Goldberg v. Kelly, 397 U.S. 254 (1970)

Gonzales v. Carhart, 550 U.S. 124 (2007)

Gonzales v. O Centro Espirita Beneficente Uniao Do Vegetal, 546 U.S. 418 (2006)

Good News Club v. Milford Central School, 533 U.S. 98 (2001)

Goodridge v. Department of Public Health, 440 Mass. 309, 798 N.E.2d 941 (Mass. 2003)

Goss v. Lopez, 419 U.S. 565 (1975)

Graham v. Richardson, 403 U.S. 365 (1971)

Gratz v. Bollinger, 539 U.S. 249 (2003)

Greater New Orleans Broadcasting Assoc. Inc. v. United States, 527 U.S. 173 (1999)

Green v. County School Board, 391 U.S. 430 (1968)

Greenholtz v. Nebraska Penal Inmates, 442 U.S. 1 (1979)

Greer v. Spock, 424 U.S. 828 (1976)

Gregg v. Georgia, 428 U.S. 153 (1976)

Griffin v. Breckenridge, 403 U.S. 88 (1971)

Griffin v. Illinois, 351 U.S. 12 (1956)

Griswold v. Connecticut, 381 U.S. 479 (1965)

Grutter v. Bollinger, 539 U.S. 306 (2003)

Hague v. CIO, 307 U.S. 496 (1939)

Halbert v. Michigan, 545 U.S. 605 (2005)

Hampton v. Mow Sun Wong, 426 U.S. 88 (1976)

Harper v. Virginia State Board of Elections, 383 U.S. 663 (1966)

Harris v. McRae, 448 U.S. 297 (1980)

Harte-Hanks Communications v. Connaughton, 491 U.S. 657 (1989)

Hawaii Housing Authority v. Midkiff, 467 U.S. 229 (1984)

Haywood v. Drown, 556 U.S. 729 (2009)

Hazelwood School District v. Kuhlmeier, 484 U.S. 260 (1988)

Heart of Atlanta Motel, Inc. v. United States, 379 U.S. 241 (1964)

Heffron v. International Soc. for Krishna Consciousness, 452 U.S. 640 (1981)

Hein v. Freedom from Religion Foundation, Inc. 551 U.S. 587 (2007)

Heller v. Doe, 509 U.S. 312 (1993)

Hernandez v. Robles, 7 N.Y.3d 338 (2006)

Herndon v. Lowry, 301 U.S. 242 (1937)

Hewitt v. Helms, 459 U.S. 460 (1983)

Hill v. Colorado, 530 U.S. 703 (2000)

Hill v. Stone, 421 U.S. 289 (1975)

Holden v. Hardy, 169 U.S. 366 (1898)

Holder v. Humanitarian Law Project, 130 S.Ct. 2705 (2010)

Holly v. Scott, 434 F.3d 287 (4th Cir. 2006)

Homar v. Gibert, 63 F. Supp. 2d 559 (M.D. Pa. 1999)

Home Building & Loan Assn. v. Blaisdell, 290 U.S. 398 (1934)

Hosanna-Tabor Evanjelical Lutheran Church and School v. E.E.O.C., 132 S.Ct. 694 (2012)

Houchins v. KQED, Inc., 438 U.S. 1 (1978)

Hudgens v. NLRB, 424 U.S. 507 (1976)

Hudson v. Palmer, 468 U.S. 517 (1984)

Hudson Water Co. v. McCarter, 209 U.S. 349 (1908)

Hunt v. Cromartie, 526 U.S. 541 (1999)

Hunter v. Underwood, 471 U.S. 222 (1985)

Hurtado v. California, 110 U.S. 516(1884)

Hustler Magazine v. Falwell, 485 U.S. 46 (1988)

Hutchins v. District of Columbia, 188 F.3d 531 (D.C. Cir. 1999)

Illinois ex rel. Madigan v. Telemarketing Associates, 538 U.S. 600 (2003)

Ingraham v. Wright, 430 U.S. 651 (1977)

In re Employment Discrimination Litigation Against the State of Alabama, 198 F.3d 1305 (11th Cir. 1999)

In re Griffiths, 413 U.S. 717 (1973)

In re Marriage Cases, 43 Cal. 4th 757, 76 Cal. Rptr. 3d 683 (2008)

International Society for Krishna Consciousness, Inc. v. Lee, 505 U.S. 672 (1992)

Jackson v. Metropolitan Edison Co., 419 U.S. 345 (1974)

Jacobellis v. Ohio, 378 U.S. 184 (1964)

Jacobson v. Massachusetts, 197 U.S. 11 (1905)

J.E.B. v. Alabama, 511 U.S. 127 (1994)

Jenkins v. Georgia, 418 U.S. 153 (1974)

Jenness v. Fortson 403 U.S. 431 (1971)

Johanns v. Livestock Marketing Ass’n, 544 U.S. 550 (2005)

Johnson v. California, 543 U.S. 499 (2005)

Johnson v. California, 545 U.S. 162 (2005)

Jones v. Alfred H. Mayer Co., 392 U.S. 409 (1968)

Joseph Burstyn, Inc. v. Wilson, 343 U.S. 496 (1952)

Kadrmas v. Dickinson Public Schools, 487 U.S. 450 (1988)

Karcher v. Daggett, 462 U.S. 725 (1983)

Katzenbach v. McClung, 379 U.S. 294 (1964)

Katzenbach v. Morgan, 384 U.S. 641 (1966)

Keller v. State Bar of California, 496 U.S. 1 (1990)

Kelo v. City of New London, Conn., 545 U.S. 469 (2005)

Kennedy v. Louisiana, 554 U.S. 407 (2008)

Kerrigan v. Commissioner of Public Health, 289 Conn. 135, 957 A.2d 407 (2008)

Keyes v. School Dist. No. 1, 413 U.S. 189 (1973)

Keyishian v. Board of Regents, 385 U.S. 589 (1967)

Keystone Bituminous Coal Assn. v. DeBenedictis, 480 U.S. 470 (1987)

Kimel v. Florida Board of Regents, 528 U.S. 62 (2000)

Korematsu v. United States, 323 U.S. 214 (1944)

Kuhlmeier v. Hazelwood School District, 795 F.2d 1368 (8th Cir. 1986)

Lamb’s Chapel v. Center Moriches Union Free School District, 508 U.S. 384 (1993)

Larson v. Valente, 456 U.S. 228 (1982)

Lassiter v. Department of Social Services, 452 U.S. 18 (1981)

Lassiter v. Northampton Election Board, 360 U.S. 45 (1959)

Lawrence v. Texas, 539 U.S. 558 (2003)

League of United Latin American Citizens v. Perry 548 U.S. 399 (2006)

Lee v. Weisman, 505 U.S. 577 (1992)

Legal Services Corp. v. Velazquez, 531 U.S. 533 (2001)

Lemon v. Kurtzman 403 U.S. 602 (1971)

Lincoln v. Case, 340 F.3d 283 (5t Cir. 2003)

Lindsey v. Normet, 405 U.S. 56 (1972)

Lingle v. Chevron U.S.A., Inc, 544 U.S. 528 (2005)

Linmark Assocs., Inc. v. Township of Willingboro, 431 U.S. 85 (1977)

Little v. Streater, 452 U.S. 1 (1981)

Lloyd Corp. v. Tanner, 407 U.S. 551 (1972)

Lochner v. New York, 198 U.S. 45 (1905)

Locke v. Davey, 540 U.S. 712 (2004)

Locke v. Karass, 555 U.S. 207 (2009)

Loretto v. Teleprompter Manhattan CATV Corp., 458 U.S. 419 (1982)

Lorillard Tobacco Co. v. Reilly, 533 U.S. 525 (2001)

Los Angeles Police Dept. v. United Reporting Publishing Corp., 528 U.S. 32 (1999)

Louisiana v. New Orleans, 109 U.S. 285 (1883)

Loving v.Virginia, 388 U.S. 1 (1967)

Lubin v. Panish, 415 U.S. 709 (1974)

Lucas v. South Carolina Coastal Council, 505 U.S. 1003 (1992)

Lugar v. Edmondson Oil Co., 457 U.S. 922 (1982)

Lujan v. G&G Fire Sprinklers, Inc., 532 U.S. 189 (2001)

Luke Records, Inc. v. Navarro, 960 F.2d 134 (11th Cir. 1992)

Lynch v. Donnelly, 465 U.S. 668 (1984)

Lynch v. Household Finance Corp., 405 U.S. 538 (1972)

Lyng v. Castillo, 477 U.S. 635 (1986)

Lyng v. Northwest Indian Cemetery Protection Assn., 485 U.S. 439 (1988)

Madsen v. Women’s Health Center, Inc., 512 U.S. 753 (1994)

Malloy v. Hogan, 378 U.S. 1 (1964)

Marbury v. Madison, 5 U.S. (1 Cranch) 137 (1803)

Marks v. United States, 430 U.S. 188 (1977)

Marsh v. Alabama, 326 U.S. 501 (1946)

Marsh v. Chambers, 463 U.S. 783 (1983)

Massachusetts Board of Retirement v. Murgia, 427 U.S. 307 (1976)

Mathews v. Diaz, 426 U.S. 67 (1976)

Mathews v. Eldridge, 424 U.S. 319 (1976)

McCarthy v. Philadelphia Civil Service Comm’n, 424 U.S. 645 (1976)

McConnell v. Federal Election Comm’n, 540 U.S. 93 (2003)

McCreary County v. American Civil Liberties Union, 545 U.S. 844 (2005)

McCulloch v. Maryland, 17 U.S. (4 Wheat.) 316 (1819)

McDaniel v. Paty, 435 U.S. 618 (1978)

McDonald v. City of Chicago, 130 S.Ct. 3020 (2010)

McDonald v. Santa Fe Trail Transp. Co., 427 U.S. 273 (1976)

McGowan v. Maryland, 366 U.S. 420 (1961)

Meachum v. Fano, 427 U.S. 215(1976)

Memphis v. Greene, 451 U.S. 100 (1981)

Memphis Light, Gas & Water Div. v. Craft, 436 U.S. 1 (1978)

Mendez v. County of San Bernardino, 540 F.3d 1109 (9th Cir. 2008)

Metro Broadcasting, Inc. v. FCC, 497 U.S. 547 (1990)

Metropolis Theatre Co. v. Chicago, 228 U.S. 61 (1913)

Metropolitan Life Ins. Co. v. Ward, 470 U.S. 869 (1985)

Meyer v. Grant, 486 U.S. 414 (1988)

Meyer v. Nebraska, 262 U.S. 390 (1923)

Miami Herald Publishing Co. v. Tornillo, 418 U.S. 241 (1974)

Michael H. v. Gerald D., 491 U.S. 110 (1989)

Michael M. v. Superior Court, 450 U.S. 464 (1981)

Milkovich v. Lorain Journal Co., 497 U.S. 1 (1990)

Miller v. California, 413 U.S. 15 (1973)

Miller v. Johnson, 515 U.S. 900 (1995)

Milliken v. Bradley, 418 U.S. 717 (1974)

Milliken v. Bradley, 433 U.S. 267 (1977)

Mississippi University for Women v. Hogan, 458 U.S. 718 (1982)

Missouri v. Jenkins, 495 U.S. 33 (1990)

Missouri v. Jenkins, 515 U.S. 70 (1995)

Mitchell v. Helms, 530 U.S. 793 (2000)

M.L.B. v. S.L.J., 519 U.S. 102 (1997)

Moore v. City of East Cleveland, 431 U.S. 494 (1977)

Moose Lodge v. Irvis, 407 U.S. 163 (1972)

Morrissey v. Brewer, 408 U.S. 471 (1972)

Morse v. Frederick, 351 U.S. 393 (2007)

Mount Healthy School District v. Doyle, 429 U.S. 274 (1977)

Mugler v. Kansas, 123 U.S. 623 (1887)

Mullane v. Central Hanover Bank and Trust Co., 339 U.S. 306 (1950)

Muller v. Oregon, 208 U.S. 412 (1908)

Munn v. Illinois, 94 U.S. 113 (1877)

Murray’s Lessee v. Hoboken Land & Improvement Co., 59 U.S. (18 How.) 272 (1856)

NAACP v. Alabama, 357 U.S. 449 (1958)

NAACP v. Button, 371 U.S. 415 (1963), 353

National Aeronautics and Space Administration v. Nelson, 131 S.Ct. 746 (2011)

National Broadcasting Co. v. United States, 319 U.S. 190 (1943)

National Collegiate Athletic Assn. v. Tarkanian, 488 U.S. 179 (1988)

National Endowment for the Arts v. Finley, 524 U.S. 569 (1998)

Near v. Minnesota, 283 U.S. 697 (1931)

Nebbia v. New York, 291 U.S. 502 (1934)

Nebraska Press Assn. v. Stuart, 427 U.S. 539 (1976)

Nevada Commission on Ethics v. Carrigan, 131 S.Ct. 2343 (2011)

Nevada Department of Human Resources v. Hibbs, 538 U.S. 721 (2003)

New Orleans v. Dukes, 427 U.S. 297 (1976)

New York v. Ferber, 458 U.S. 747 (1982)

New York State Board of Elections v. Lopez Torres, 552 U.S. 196 (2008)

New York Times v. Sullivan, 376 U.S. 254 (1964)

New York Times v. United States, (Pentagon Papers Case), 403 U.S. 713 (1971)

Nixon v. Administrator of General Services, 433 U.S. 425 (1977)

Nixon v. Shrink Missouri Government PAC, 528 U.S. 377 (2000)

Nollan v. California Coastal Commission, 483 U.S. 825 (1987)

Nordlinger v. Hahn, 505 U.S. 1 (1992)

Nordyke v. King, 644 F.3d 776 (9th Cir. 2011)

Northwest Austin Municipal Utility Dist. No. 1 v. 557 U.S. 103 (2009)

Nunez v. City of San Diego, 114 F.3d 935 (9th Cir. 1997)

Nyquist v. Mauclet, 432 U.S. 1 (1977)

Oregon v. Mitchell, 400 U.S. 112 (1970)

Orr v. Orr, 440 U.S. 268 (1979)

Osborne v. Ohio, 495 U.S. 103 (1990)

Overton v. Bazzetta, 539 U.S. 126 (2003)

Oyama v. California 332 U.S. 633 (1948)

Palazzolo v. Rhode Island, 533 U.S. 606 (2001)

Palko v. Connecticut, 302 U.S. 319 (1937)

Papachristou v. City of Jacksonville, 405 U.S. 156 (1972)

Papasan v. Allain, 478 U.S. 265 (1986)

Parents Involved in Community Schools v. Seattle School District No. 1, 551 U.S. 701 (2007)

Parham v. J.R., 442 U.S. 584 (1979)

Pasadena City Board of Education v. Spangler, 427 U.S. 424 (1976)

Paul v. Davis, 424 U.S. 693 (1976)

Penn Central Transp. Co. v. City of New York, 438 U.S. 104 (1978)

Pennekamp v. Florida, 328 U.S. 331 (1946)

Pennsylvania Coal Co. v. Mahon, 260 U.S. 393 (1922)

Pentagon Papers Case (see New York Times v. United States)

Perry v. Brown, 671 F.3d 1052 (9th Cir. 2012)

Perry v. Sindermann, 408 U.S. 593 (1972)

Perry Education Ass’n v. Perry Local Educators’ Ass’n 460 U.S. 37 (1983)

Personnel Administrator of Massachusetts v. Feeney, 442 U.S. 256 (1979)

Peyote Way Church of God, Inc. v: Thornburgh, 922 F.2d 1210 (5th Cir. 1991)

Philadelphia Newspapers, Inc. v. Hepps, 475 U.S. 767 (1986)

Philip Morris USA v. Williams, 549 U.S. 346 (2007)

Phillips v. Washington Legal Foundation, 524 U.S. 156 (1998)

Pickering v. Board of Education, 391 U.S. 563 (1968)

Pierce v. Society of Sisters, 268 U.S. 510 (1925)

Planned Parenthood v. Casey, 505 U.S. 833 (1992)

Pleasant Grove City, Utah v. Summum, 555 U.S. 460 (2009)

Plessy v. Ferguson, 163 U.S. 537 (1896)

Plyler v. Doe, 457 U.S. 202 (1982)

Poe v. Ullman, 367 U.S. 497 (1961)

Poelker v. Doe, 432 U.S. 519 (1977)

Police Dept. of Chicago v. Mosley, 408 U.S. 92 (1972)

Polk County v. Dodson, 454 U.S. 312 (1981)

Pope v. Illinois, 481 U.S. 497 (1987)

Posadas de Puerto Rico Assocs. v. Tourism Co., 478 U.S. 328(1986)

Presbyterian Church v. Hull Church, 393 U.S. 440 (1969)

Press-Enterprise Co. v. Superior Court, 464 U.S. 501 (1984)

Presser v. Illinois, 116 U.S. 252 (1886)

Randall v. Sorrell, 548 U.S. 230 (2006)

Rankin v. McPherson, 483 U.S. 378 (1987)

R.A.V. v. City of St. Paul, 505 U.S. 377 (1992)

Red Lion Broadcasting Co. v. FCC, 395 U.S. 367 (1969)

Regents of the University of California v. Bakke, 438 U.S. 265 (1978)

Reitman v. Mulkey, 387 U.S. 369 (1967)

Reno v. American Civil Liberties Union, 521 U.S. 844 (1997)

Rendell-Baker v. Kohn, 457 U.S. 830 (1982)

Renton v. Playtime Theatres, Inc., 475 U.S. 41 (1986)

Republican Party of Minnesota v. White, 536 U.S. 765 (2002)

Reynolds v. Sims, 377 U.S. 533 (1964)

Reynolds v. United States, 98 U.S. 145 (1879)

Ricci v. DeStefano, 557 U.S. 557 (2009)

Rice v. Cayetano, 528 U.S. 495 (2000)

Richmond Newspapers, Inc. v. Virginia, 448 U.S. 555 (1980)

Riley v. National Federation of Blind of North Carolina, Inc., 487 U.S. 781 (1988)

Roberts v. United States Jaycees, 468 U.S. 609 (1984)

Rodriguez v. Popular Democratic Party, 457 U.S. 1 (1982)

Roe v. Wade, 410 U.S. 113 (1973)

Rogers v. Lodge, 458 U.S. 613 (1982)

Romer v. Evans, 517 U.S. 620 (1996)

Roper v. Simmons, 543 U.S. 551 (2005)

Rosborough v. Management & Training Corp., 350 F.3d 459 (5th Cir. 2003)

Rosenberger v. Rector & Visitors of the University of Virginia, 515 U.S. 819 (1995)

Rosenblatt v. Baer, 383 U.S. 75 (1966)

Rosenbloom v. Metromedia, Inc., 403 U.S. 29 (1971)

Ross v. Moffitt, 417 U.S. 600 (1974)

Rostker v. Goldberg, 453 U.S. 57 (1981)

Roth v. United States, 354 U.S. 476 (1957)

Rubin v. Coors Brewing Co., 514 U.S. 476 (1995)

Ruckelshaus v. Monsanto Co., 467 U.S. 986 (1984)

Runyon v. McCrary, 427 U.S. 160 (1976)

Rust v. Sullivan, 500 U.S. 173 (1991)

Rutherford v. United States, 438 F. Supp. 1287 (W.D. Okla. 1977)

Saenz v. Roe, 526 U.S. 489 (1999)

Saint Francis College v. Al-Khazraji, 481 U.S. 604 (1987)

Salyer Land Co. v. Tulare Lake Basin Water Storage Dist., 410 U.S. 719 (1973)

San Antonio Independent School Dist. v. Rodriguez, 411 U.S. 1 (1973)

Sandin v. Conner, 515 U.S. 472 (1995)

Santa Fe Independent School District v. Doe, 530 U.S. 290 (2000)

Saxbe v. Washington Post Co., 417 U.S. 843 (1974)

Schad v. Borough of Mount Ephraim, 452 U.S. 61 (1981)

Schaumburg v. Citizens for a Better Environment, 444 U.S. 620 (1980)

Schenck v. Pro-Choice Network of Western New York, 519 U.S. 357 (1997)

Schenck v. United States, 249 U.S. 47 (1919)

Schleifer v. City of Charlottesville, 159 F.3d 843 (4th Cir. 1998)

Schlesinger v. Ballard, 419 U.S. 498 (1975)

Schneider v. State, 308 U.S. 147 (1939)

School District of Grand Rapids v. Ball, 473 U.S. 373 (1985)

Seattle Times Co. v. Rhinehart, 467 U.S. 20 (1984)

Secretary of State of Maryland v. Joseph H. Munson Co., 467 U.S. 947 (1984)

Serbian Orthodox Diocese v. Milivojevich, 426 U.S. 696 (1976)

Shaare Tefila Congregation v. Cobb, 481 U.S. 615 (1987)

Shapiro v. Thompson, 394 U.S. 618 (1969)

Shaw v. Hunt, 517 U.S. 899 (1996)

Shaw v. Reno, 509 U.S. 630 (1993)

Shelley v. Kraemer, 334 U.S. 1 (1948)

Sherbert v. Verner, 374 U.S. 398 (1963)

Shuttlesworth v. Birmingham, 394 U.S. 147 (1969)

Skinner v. Oklahoma, 316 U.S. 535 (1942)

Slaughter-House Cases, 83 U.S. (16 Wall.) 36 (1872)

Smith v. Allwright, 321 U.S. 649 (1944)

Smith v. California, 361 U.S. 147 (1959)

Smith v. Daily Mail Publishing Co., 443 U.S. 97 (1979)

Snyder v. Phelps, 131 S.Ct. 1207 (2011)

Sorrell v. IMS Health Inc., 131 S.Ct. 2653 (2011)

Sosna v. Iowa, 419 U.S. 393 (1975)

Southwest Voter Registration Education Project v. Shelley, 344 F.3d 914 (9th Cir. 2003)

Spallone v. United States, 493 U.S. 265 (1990)

Spence v. State of Washington, 418 U.S. 405 (1974)

St. Amant v. Thompson, 390 U.S. 727 (1968)

Stanley v. Georgia, 394 U.S. 557 (1969)

Starns v. Malkerson, 326 F. Supp. 234 (D. Minn. 1970)

State v. J.P., 907 So. 2d 1101 (Fla. 2004)

State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Co. v. Campbell, 538 U.S. 408 (2003)

Stenberg v. Carhart, 530 U.S. 914 (2000)

Stone v. Graham, 449 U.S. 39 (1980)

Stone v. Mississippi, 101 U.S. 814 (1880)

Stop the Beach Renourishment, Inc. v. Florida Department of Environmental Protection, 130 S.Ct. 2592 (2010)

Strauder v. West Virginia, 100 U.S. (10 Otto) 303 (1880)

Street v. Corrections Corp. of America, 102 F.3d 810 (6th Cir. 1996)

Suitum v. Tahoe Regional Planning Agency, 520 U.S. 725 (1997)

Sunday Lake Iron Co. v. Township of Wakefield, 247 U.S. 350 (1918)

Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education, 402 U.S. 1 (1971)

Tahoe-Sierra Preservation Council, Inc. v. Tahoe Regional Planning Agency, 535 U.S. 302 (2002)

Tashjian v. Republican Party of Connecticut, 479 U.S. 208 (1986)

Tennessee v. Lane, 541 U.S. 509 (2004)

Tennessee Secondary School Athletic Ass’n v. Brentwood Academy, 551 U.S. 291 (2007)

Terminiello v. Chicago, 337 U.S. 1 (1949)

Terry v. Adams, 345 U.S. 461 (1953)

Texas v. Johnson, 491 U.S. 397 (1989)

Texas Monthly, Inc. v. Bullock, 489 U.S. 1 (1989)

Thomas v. Review Board, 450 U.S. 707 (1981)

Thompson v. Consolidated Gas Utilities Corp., 300 U.S. 55 (1937)

Thompson v. Western States Medical Center, 535 U.S. 357 (2002)

Thornburgh v. American College of Obstetricians & Gynecologists, 476 U.S. 747 (1986)

Thornhill v. Alabama, 310 U.S. 88 (1940)

Time, Inc. v. Firestone, 424 U.S. 448 (1976)

Timmons v. Twin Cities New Party, 520 U.S. 351 (1997)

Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District, 393 U.S. 503 (1969)

Torcaso v. Watkins, 367 U.S. 488 (1961)

Tower v. Glover, 467 U.S. 914 (1984)

Town of Castle Rock, Colorado v. Gonzales, 545 U.S. 748 (2005)

Troxel v. Granville, 530 U.S. 57 (2000)

Tuan Ahn Nguyen v. Immigration and Naturalization Service, 533 U.S. 53 (2001)

Turner Broadcasting System, Inc. v. FCC, 512 U.S. 622 (1994)

Turner Broadcasting System, Inc. v. FCC, 520 U.S. 180 (1997)

Twining v. New Jersey, 211 U.S. 78 (1908)

TXO Prod. Corp. v. Alliance Resources Corp., 509 U.S. 443 (1993)

United States v. Alvarez, 132 S.Ct. 2537 (2012)

United States v. American Library Assoc, 539 U.S. 194 (2003)

United States v. Ballard, 322 U.S. 78 (1944)

United States v. Burzynksi Cancer Research Institute, 819 F.2d 1301 (5th Cir. 1987)

United States v. Carlton, 512 U.S. 26 (1994)

United States v. Carolene Products Co., 304 U.S. 144 (1938)

United States v. Dennis, 183 F.2d 201 (2d Cir. 1950)

United States v. Fincher, 538 U.S. 868 (8th Cir. 2008)

United States v. Fordice, 505 U.S. 717 (1992)

United States v. Grace, 461 U.S. 171 (1983)

United States v. Kokinda, 497 U.S. 720 (1990)

United States v. Kras, 409 U.S. 434 (1973)

United States v. LeBeau, 985 F.2d 563 (7th Cir. 1993)

United States v. Lee, 455 U.S. 252 (1982)

United States v. Miller, 307 U.S. 174 (1939)

United States v. Morrison, 529 U.S. 528 (2000)

United States v. National Treasury Employees Union, 513 U.S. 454 (1995)

United States v. O’Brien, 391 U.S. 367 (1968)

United States v. Playboy Entertainment Group Inc., 529 U.S. 803 (2000)

United States v. Progressive, Inc., 467 F. Supp. 990 (W.D. Wis. 1979)

United States v. Robel, 389 U.S. 258 (1967)

United States v. Salerno, 481 U.S. 739 (1987)

United States v. Stevens, 130 S.Ct. 1577 (2010)

United States v. Tagg, 572 F.3d 1320 (11th Cir. 2009)

United States v. United Foods, Inc., 533 U.S. 405 (2001)

United States v. Virginia, 518 U.S. 515 (1996)

United States v. Williams, 553 U.S. 285 (2008)

United States Civil Service Comm’n v. National Ass’n of Letter Carriers AFL-C10, 413 U.S. 540 (1973)

United States Dept. of Agriculture v. Moreno, 413 U.S. 528 (1973)

United States Trust Co. v. New Jersey, 431 U.S. 1 (1977)

University of Wisconsin System v. Southworth, 529 U.S. 217 (2000)

Usery v. Turner Elkhorn Mining Co., 428 U.S. 1 (1976)

Vacco v. Quill, 521 U.S. 793 (1997)

Valentine v. Chrestensen, 316 U.S. 52 (1942)

Van Orden v. Perry, 545 U.S. 677 (2005)

Varnum v. Brien, 763 N.W.2d 862 (Iowa 2009)

Vieth v. Jubelirer, 541 U.S. 267 (2004)

Village of Arlington Heights v. Metropolitan Housing Dev. Corp., 429 U.S. 252 (1977)

Village of Belle Terre v. Boraas, 416 U.S. 1 (1974)

Village of Willowbrook v. Olech, 528 U.S. 562 (2000)

Virginia v. Black, 538 U.S. 343 (2003)

Virginia v. Hicks, 539 U.S. 113 (2003)

Virginia Board of Pharmacy v. Virginia Consumer Council, 425 U.S. 748 (1976)

Vitek v. Jones, 445 U.S. 480 (1980)

Vlandis v. Kline, 412 U.S. 441 (1973)

Walker v. Sauvinet, 92 U.S. 90 (1876)

Wallace v. Jaffree, 472 U.S. 38 (1985)

Washington v. Davis, 426 U.S. 229 (1976)

Washington v. Glucksberg, 521 U.S. 702 (1997)

Washington v. Harper, 494 U.S. 210 (1990)

Washington State Grange v. Washington State Republican Party, 552 U.S. 442 (2008)

Washington State Republican Party v. Logan, 377 F. Supp. 2d 907 (W.D. Wa. 2005)

Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc. v. Village of Stratton, 536 U.S. 150 (2002)

Webb’s Fabulous Pharmacies, Inc. v. Beckwith, 449 U.S. 155 (1980)

Webster v. Reproductive Health Services, 492 U.S. 490 (1989)

Weinberger v. Salfi, 422 U.S. 749 (1975)

Wesberry v. Sanders, 376 U.S. 1 (1964)

West v. Atkins, 487 U.S. 42 (1988)

West Coast Hotel Co. v. Parrish, 300 U.S. 379 (1937)

West River Bridge Co. v. Dix, 47 U.S. (6 How.) 507 (1848)

Westside Community Board of Education v. Mergens, 496 U.S. 226 (1990)

West Virginia State Board of Education v. Barnette, 319 U.S. 624 (1943)

Whalen v. Roe, 429 U.S. 589 (1977)

White v. Regester, 412 U.S. 755 (1973)

Whitney v. California, 274 U.S. 357 (1927)

Widmar v. Vincent, 454 U.S. 263 (1981)

Wilkinson v. Austin, 545 U.S. 209 (2005)

Williams v. Philip Morris Inc., 340 Ore. 35, 127 P.3d 1165 (2006)

Williams v. Vermont, 472 U.S. 14 (1985)

Williamson v. Lee Optical, Inc., 348 U.S. 483 (1955)

Willow Inn, Inc. v. Public Service Mutual Ins. Co., 399 F.3d 224 (3d Cir. 2005)

Wisconsin v. Yoder, 406 U.S. 205 (1972)

Wolff v. McDonnell, 418 U.S. 539 (1974)

Wolman v. Walter, 433 U.S. 229 (1977)

Woodson v. North Carolina, 428 U.S. 280 (1976)

Wooley v. Maynard, 430 U.S. 705 (1977)

Wygant v. Jackson Board of Education, 476 U.S. 267 (1986)

Yee v. City of Escondido, 503 U.S. 519 (1992)

Yick Wo v. Hopkins, 118 U.S. 356 (1886)

Young v. American Mini Theatres, Inc., 427 U.S. 50 (1976)

Young v. Harper, 520 U.S. 143 (1997)

Youngberg v. Romeo, 457 U.S. 307 (1982)

Ysursa v. Pocatello Education Ass’n 555 U.S. 353 (2009)

Zablocki v. Redhail, 434 U.S. 374 (1978)

Zadvydas v. Davis, 533 U.S. 678 (2001)

Zelman v. Simmons-Harris, 536 U.S. 639 (2002)

Zied-Campbell v. Richman, 2007 WL 1031399 (M.D. Pa., March 30, 2007)

Zobel v. Williams, 457 U.S. 55 (1982)

Zobrest v. Catalina Foothills School Dist., 509 U.S. 1 (1993)

Zorach v. Clauson, 343 U.S. 306 (1952)