Chapter 11

MISCELLANEOUS CLAUSES: 14TH AM. PRIVILEGES OR IMMUNITIES; TAKING; CONTRACT; RIGHT TO BEAR ARMS; EX POST FACTO; BILLS OF ATTAINDER

This chapter considers several clauses that have little in common except that they protect individuals against specific types of government conduct. The most important concepts in this chapter are:

• Privileges or Immunities: The 14th Amendment has a "Privileges or Immunities" Clause. But this clause is very narrowly interpreted: it only protects the individual from state interference with his rights of "national" citizenship (principally the right to travel from state to state and the right to vote in national elections).

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